Bridge Tenders

Details: The National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases (niddk) Seeks Industry Partners For Clinical Research Collaborations On Therapeutics, Diagnostics Or Devices For The Liver Cirrhosis Network the National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases (niddk) Of The National Institutes Of Health (nih) Of The Department Of Health And Human Services (dhhs) Has Released Requests For Applications Rfa-dk-20-003 And Rfa-dk-20-004 For The Establishment Of The Liver Cirrhosis Network; And Seeks Industry Collaborators To Provide Novel Or Repurposed Therapeutic Agents, Diagnostic Markers, Biomarkers, Devices, Or Services For Use In Nih-sponsored Multi-center Clinical Trials And Ancillary Studies In Adult Patients With Advanced Liver Disease And Cirrhosis; And The Hepatic And Extrahepatic Related Complications Emanating From Cirrhosis. background: The Niddk Is Proposing The Establishment Of The Liver Cirrhosis Network Through Funding Opportunity Announcements Rfa-dk-20-003 Seeking Clinical Centers; And In Conjunction With Rfa-dk-20-004 Seeking A Single Scientific Data Coordination Center, In Order To Promote Clinical And Translational Research On Cirrhosis Of The Liver And Related Complications In Adults. cirrhosis Represents Not A Single Disease But Is Rather The Consequence And Major Serious Outcome Of Many Chronic Liver Diseases, Caused By A Wide Range Of Conditions. The Etiologies Of Cirrhosis In The United States Include Infectious Causes Such As Chronic Hepatitis B, C And D; Genetic Causes Such As Wilson Disease, Hemochromatosis And Alpha-1-antitrypsin Deficiency; Metabolic Causes Such As Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis; Autoimmunity Such As Autoimmune Hepatitis, Primary Biliary Cholangitis And Sclerosing Cholangitis; And Toxic Causes Such As Alcohol-associated Liver Disease And Chronic Liver Injury From Medications Such As Methotrexate And Amiodarone. Cirrhosis From These Diseases Is Almost Always The Result Of Chronic Injury With Persistent Inflammation And Cell Damage That Results In Faulty Healing And Fibrosis. As Fibrosis Accumulates It Causes Distortion Of The Architecture Of Liver, Portal Hypertension And Compromise Of Liver Function. Clinical Complications Of Cirrhosis Include Symptoms Of Fatigue, Weakness, Weight Loss, Itching And Jaundice; Gastrointestinal Bleeding From Varices Or Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy, Coagulopathy, Ascites And Disturbance Of Fluid And Electrolyte Balance, Renal Dysfunction And Hepatic Encephalopathy. The Most Dreaded Complication Of Cirrhosis Is Hepatocellular Carcinoma, A Highly Fatal Cancer That Arises In 1 To 3% Of Persons With Cirrhosis Yearly. Once Cirrhosis Is Present, Treatment Of The Underlying Liver Disease Can Lessen Further Progression And Deterioration, But Does Not Eliminate All Risk Of Complications, Particularly Hepatocellular Carcinoma. mortality Due To Liver Disease Remains A Significant Public Health Burden In The United States, Currently Ranked 11th Overall And Ranking 6th In Persons Below The Age Of 65 Years. Cirrhosis Appears To Be Rising In Some Populations Such As Persons Living With Hiv Infection, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease And Cystic Fibrosis. Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence Is Also Rising In The United States And Is A Surrogate For The Prevalence Of Cirrhosis. treatment Of Underlying Causes Of Chronic Liver Disease Such As Antivirals For Chronic Hepatitis B And C; Therapeutic Phlebotomy For Genetic Hemochromatosis; Ursodiol For Primary Biliary Cirrhosis; Weight Loss For Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (nash), And Cessation Of Alcohol Consumption For Alcohol-associated Liver Disease, All Underpin The Overarching Clinical Approach To Prevent The Development Of Cirrhosis By Early Abrogation Of Ongoing Injury To The Still Noncirrhotic Liver. Neutralization Of The Liver Disease Etiology May Allow The Injured Liver To Invoke Endogenous Mechanisms To Reverse The Consequences Of Chronic Inflammation And The Accumulation Of Mild Or Even Modest Amounts Of Liver Fibrosis. However, Once Advanced Fibrosis Or Cirrhosis Has Been Established, Neutralization Of The Causes Of Liver Disease Generally Will Not Reverse Fibrosis Or Cirrhosis Completely. While The Residual Risk Of Complications May Be Decrease, This May Be Off-set By The Improvement In Survival, So That Patients With Cirrhosis And Advanced Fibrosis Will Live And Be At Risk For The Complications Longer. liver Transplantation Is Currently The Only Medically Viable Avenue For Patients With End-stage Liver Disease That Will Extend Their Longevity. On An Annual Basis, Despite Treatment Success Rates For Chronic Hepatitis C And Other Liver Diseases, The National Wait List For Liver Transplantation In The United States Remains Essentially Unchanged At Approximately 13,000 Patients. Only 8000 Liver Transplantations Are Performed Annually. However, Far, Far More Patients With End-stage Liver Disease Are Not Even Placed On Liver Transplantation Lists For A Variety Of Co-morbid Or Psychosocial Issues. given The Discrepancy Between The Need And The Availability Of Liver Organs For Patients On Liver Transplant Waiting Lists And The Even More Numerous Patients Who Are Unable To Be Considered For Listing For Liver Transplantation, There Is A Significant Need To Improve Our Understanding Of Clinical And Translational Scientific Aspects Of Liver Fibrosis And Cirrhosis. In Addition, There Is A Need For Furthering Fundamental Understanding Of Both The Underlying Pro- And Anti-fibrotic Mechanisms As Well As Risk Factors And Mechanisms That Accentuate Pro- And Anti-fibrotic Processes. study Goals: The Overall Goal Of The Liver Cirrhosis Network Is To Promote Clinical And Translational Research That Will Advance The Understanding Of Liver Fibrosis And Cirrhosis Pathophysiology; Improve Clinical Management Of Liver Cirrhosis And Complications Of Advanced Fibrosis; And To Conduct Clinical Trials To Alter Cirrhosis Liver Disease Trajectory And The Related Complications. While Specific Details Of The Protocols For The Liver Cirrhosis Network Are Yet To Be Defined And Will Be Made By Consensus By The Future Steering Committee Of The Network, It Is Expected That Sufficient Numbers Of Subjects Will Be Enrolled With Either Stable, Child Class A, Cirrhosis Or Evidence Of Advanced Fibrosis (such As Bridging Fibrosis On Liver Biopsy Or Evidence Of Advanced Disease As Assessed By Validated Non-invasive Markers) To Operationalize The Eventual Network Studies. An Attempt Will Be Considered To Enroll Subjects With All Forms Of Cirrhosis (viral, Autoimmune, Genetic, Toxic, Alcohol-associated And “cryptogenic”) And With A Diverse Range Of Demographics As Typifies Chronic Liver Disease In The United States. the Liver Cirrhosis Network Is Interested In Conducting Research That Will Lead To Improved Clinical Outcomes In Adults With Cirrhosis And Advanced Liver Disease With Industry Collaborators To: • Evaluate The Natural History, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Genetic Factors, Genomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics, Lipidomics, Epigenomics, Imaging Studies, And Determinants Of Progression And Severity Of Advanced Liver Disease And Cirrhosis-related Complications • Explore Use Of Serum Markers For Fibrosis And Serum Markers For Disease Activity To Predict Hepatic Histology Or Function Either By Themselves Or In Combination With Other Clinical, Laboratory, Genomic, Proteomic, Metabolomic, And Lipidomic Variables • Explore The Utility Of These Serum Markers As Surrogate Markers Of Therapeutic Response In Study Subjects Participating In Treatment Trials • Investigate Proprietary Or Repurposed Drugs (such As Statins, Anti-fibrogenic Agents, Autophagy Inducers, Chemo-preventive Agents, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents, Etc.), Reagents, Or Devices In Controlled Randomized Clinical Trials As Potential Diagnostics Or Therapies For Advanced Liver Disease, Cirrhosis And Cirrhosis Related Complications • Evaluate Noninvasive Imaging Methods For Assessing Fibrosis, Portal Vein Hypertension, Hepatic Function, Screening For Or Diagnosis Of Liver Cancer, And Parenchymal Pathology In Cirrhosis Liver Disease Including But Not Limited To The Use Of Elastography, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, And Molecular Imaging. • Evaluate The Use Of Cytokine Assays For Analyses Of Serum/plasma Cytokine Levels As Markers Of Disease Activity And As Surrogate Markers Of Histologic Or Clinical Improvement In Therapeutic Trials capability Statement: Commercial Organizations Interested In Pursuing Clinical Collaborations With Niddk For Cirrhosis Liver Disease Are Required To Submit A Capability Statement To The Niddk. The Capability Statements Submitted In Response To This Announcement Will Be Used To Evaluate And Select Industry Collaborators. The Capability Statement Should Not Exceed 10 (ten) Pages Of Narrative (not Including Appendices) And Should Include The Following Information: 1. A Description Of The Therapeutic, Diagnostic Or Device Proposed To Be Used In The Clinical Research Study. (note: The Proposed Therapeutic Or Device Must Have Been Tested Already In A Phase I Trial In Humans.) 2. The Specific Details Of The Methods To Be Utilized In The Investigation Of The Pharmacologic, Surgical Or Device Intervention In Patients With Cirrhosis Liver Disease, And A Clear Description Of The Important Issues Surrounding The Evaluation Of Disease Progression In These Patients. 3. A Detailed Plan Demonstrating The Ability To Provide Sufficient Quantities Of The Therapeutic, Diagnostic Or Device Either In Total Prior To Study Initiation (preferred If Possible) Or In A Timely Manner For The Duration Of The Study. 4. A Description Of All Laboratory Tests That Are Needed And Proficiency In Conducting These Laboratory Tests, Including Assays And Required Amount Of Specimens, To Determine Specific Biomarker(s) Levels And List Potential Biomarkers, Along With Appropriate Methods For Performing Such Tests. 5. A Description Of Other Core Facilities And Interactions With Core Facilities That Are Needed For The Study. 6. Dosing, Pharmacodynamic, And Pharmacokinetic Data From Human Studies For Any Novel Therapeutics. 7. Adverse Event Profile For The Proposed Therapeutic Or Device. 8. A Description Of The Practices And Procedures That Would Be Used To Assure Patient Privacy And Maintain Confidentiality Of Data Obtained From The Study. 9. (optional) Outcome Measures Of Interest To The Organization. The Specifics Of The Proposed Outcome Measures Should Include But Not Be Limited To Treatment And Evaluation Of Cirrhosis Liver Disease Or Cirrhosis Related Complications. 10. Any Other Resources The Organization Proposes To Commit To The Collaboration (in Addition To The Proposed Therapeutic, Diagnostic Or Device), Which May Include Any Of The Following: Equipment, Reagents, Supplies, Access To Facilities, Personnel Or Services, And, If Appropriate, Funding (pursuant To A Cooperative Research And Development Agreement (crada) Authorized Under 15 U.s.c. § 3710a), To Help Support The Conduct Of The Clinical Study. 11. Affirmative Statements That The Organization: a. Agrees To Provide A Letter Of Cross Reference To The Drug, Biologic Or Device Master File For The Proposed Therapeutic Or Device, Which Will Be Included With Any Us Fda Filing By The Ind Or Ide Sponsor Of The Liver Cirrhosis Network Study; b. Agrees To Have The Proposed Therapeutic, Diagnostic Or Device Used In The Liver Cirrhosis Network-developed Protocols Which Will Be Conducted By The Liver Cirrhosis Network Research Network For Which The Study Data Collection And Analysis Will Be Performed By The Liver Cirrhosis Network Scientific And Data Coordinating Center; c. Agrees To Assure Patient Privacy And Will Maintain Confidentiality Of Data Obtained From The Study; d. Agrees To Share All Safety Data From Other Studies Involving The Proposed Therapeutic Or Device As Well As Relevant Efficacy Data From Other Studies (updated Investigator Brochure, Etc) With The Liver Cirrhosis Network; e. Understands That Because The Liver Cirrhosis Network Is Supported By Niddk Funding, The Study Results Will Be Published And Therefore Agrees To The Prompt Publication Of Research Results From The Clinical Study Using The Organization's Proposed Therapeutic, Diagnostic Or Device; f. Has Intellectual Property Rights To Provide Laboratory Test/biomarker(s), Therapeutic Or Device To Niddk For Testing And Has No Current Agreements Or Arrangements That Could Impede This Right; And f. Understands That The Clinical Study Will Be Conducted Under An Agreement With Niddk Which Must Adhere To Phs Intellectual Property Policies (see: Http://www.ott.nih.gov/policy/phspat_policy.aspx). submission: Capability Statements Received By Niddk Will Be Considered. Prospective Collaborators May Be Invited To Attend, At Their Own Expense, A Liver Cirrhosis Network Steering Committee Meeting To Be Held In The Baltimore-washington, Dc Area To Discuss The Information In Their Capability Statement With The Steering Committee Members. Note:no Funds Will Be Provided By Niddk To Any Organization Selected For This Clinical Research Collaboration Opportunity. submision And Inquiries: Submit Capability Statements To: noo Coordinator, National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases e-mail: Niddkottdip@niddk.nih.gov for Scientific Inquiries Contact: edward Doo, Md, director, Liver Diseases Research Program division Of Digestive Diseases And Nutrition, Niddk 6707 Democracy Blvd., Room 6149 bethesda, Md 20892-5450 telephone: (301) 451-4524 fax: (301) 480-8300 e-mail: Dooe@niddk.nih.gov for Inquiries Regarding Partnering With Niddk (intellectual Property Matters And Collaboration Agreements) Contact: agnes Rooke, Jd technology Advancement Office niddk, Nih, Hhs telephone: 301-451-6072 e-mail: Agnes.rooke@nih.gov this Notice Of Opportunity Is Also Posted At: Http://techdev.niddk.nih.gov/collabs.shtml.

Description: Regio Randstad South And employment trajectory Bridge K-5103

Description: Engineering Renovation Intelligence Convention Queen Juliana Bridge.

Description: Rei23tca035 - Forestry Road And Bridge Construction Monitoring And…

Description: *** Amendment 002 :this Amendment Incorporates Two Far Class Deviations To Ensure Compliance With Executive Orders 14148, 14173, 14168, And 14208, Issued Since January 20, 2025. It Also Removes Agar Clauses And Provisions That Have Been Rescinded.*** **amendment 001 Corrects The Offer Due Date In Box 8 Of The Sf-1449 And Replaces The Solicitation To Correct An Error On The Schedule Of Items.replaced The Wyoming Listing For The Caribou Targhee National Forest With The The Bridger Teton National Forest.** ***this Solicitation Will Remain Open To Receipt Fo Proposals At Any Time. Initial Evaluations Are Requested To Be Submitted By April 12, 2023 For Potential Projects In The 2023 Field Season*** the Intermountain Stewardship Bpa Shall Be Awarded Under The Following Authority: stewardship Authority: Section 604 (16 Usc 6591c) Of Public Law 108-148 As Amended By Section 8205 Of Public Law 113-79, The Agricultural Act Of 2014—grants The U.s. Forest Service (government) Permanent Authority To Enter Into Stewardship Contracts Or Agreements To Achieve Land Management Goals For The National Forests Or Public Lands That Meet Local And Rural Community Needs. Section 8205 Supersedes The Temporary Authority Granted To The Forest Service (government) In Section 347 Of Public Law 105-277, The Omnibus Consolidated And Emergency Appropriations Act, 1999. stewardship Authorities Permit The Government To Solicit This Requirement As Full And Open Competition. project Description: the Usda Forest Service Stewardship And Disaster Recovery Branch Is Advertising The Intermountain Stewardship Bpa. This Bpa Will Issue Future Calls For Individual Hazardous Fuels And Restoration Project Areas In Idaho, Nevada, Utah And Western Wyoming. the Scope Covers Federal And Non-federal Lands Within 150 Miles Of And Including The Administrative Boundaries Of The Boise, Payette, Salmon-challis, Sawtooth, Caribou-targhee, Humboldt-toiyabe, Ashely, Dixie, Fishlake, Manti-lasal, Uinta-wasatch-cache And Bridger-teton National Forests. Work May Be Accomplished On Non-federal Lands, But The Bpa Call Will Be Issued And Administered By A Government Entity. multiple Awards May Be Made To This Bpa On An Individual National Forest Basis Once The Forest Service Has Evaluated The Technical Proposals And Pricing Submitted In Response To The Solicitation. Examples Of The Types Of Hazardous Fuels And Restoration Work That May Be Included Are Cutting And Removal Of Sawtimber, Non-sawtimber, And/or Biomass; Mastication, Hand Cutting And Piling; And Road Maintenance. the Period Of Performance Of The Awarded Blanket Purchase Agreements Is 10 Years From Date Of Contract With Option To Extend Up To 20 Years. This Bpa Will Be The Primary Means In Which Future Call Orders Issued Include: (1) Integrated Resource Service Contract (irsc) With Required Timber Product Removal;(2) Irscs That Includes The Option For Timber Subject To Agreement Products To Be Removed When There Is No Required Timber Product Removal; And (3) Restoration-based Service Contract In Which No Timber Product Removal Is Included. future Call Orders For Specific Projects Will Beemailed Toonlythe Contractors Awarded Under This Bpa. As Such, It Is Imperative That All Interested Individuals Have An Email Account, And That All Firms Must Be Actively Registered In The System For Award Management (sam.gov) To Be Eligible For Award Under This Solicitation. If Not Actively Registered, The Forest Service Will Be Unable To Make A Bpa Award; Thereby, Effectively Excluding An Otherwise Successful Offeror From Receiving A Call Order Solicitation. Registration In Sam Is A Free Service.procurement Technical Assistance Center (ptac)offers Resources That Are Available Free Of Charge Atwww.aptac-us.org/find-a-ptac/in Order To Assist With Both Sam Registration And In Proposal Submission. point Of Contact For This Solicitation Is: matt Daigle, Acquisition Program Support Officer, National Stewardship Contracting Branch, Matthew.daigle@usda.gov please Submit Questions In Writing And Email To Matt Daigle. if You Have Issues Downloading The Solicitation Attachments, Contact Matt Daigle At Matthew.daigle@usda.gov . the Contracting Officer For This Bpa Is Mark T. Phillipp, National Stewardship Contracting Branch, And Can Be Reached At Mark.phillipp@usda.gov. there Is An Open Invitation To An Informational And Instructional Meeting For Industry And Interested Contractors Wednesday, March 15, 2023, At 4:00pm Mdt. To Join The Meeting, Call (202) 650-0123 And Enter Conference Id: 106 229 234# Or Use The Link In The Proposal Instructions Documentto Join On Your Personal Computer Or Mobile Device. a Second Meeting Has Been Set For Wednesday, March 29, 2023, At 4:00pm Mdt. To Join The Meeting, Call (202) 650-0123 And Enter Conference Id: 603 042 939# Or Use The Link In The Proposal Instructions Documentto Join On Your Personal Computer Or Mobile Device. please Email Your Offers To Mark Phillipp Mark.phillipp@usda.gov, And Matt Daigle Matthew.daigle@usda.gov By 5:00 P.m. Pt On Wednesday, April 12, 2023 For The Initial Evaluation Period.

Details: Project Description: Arizona Forest Engineering And Road Maintenance (ferm) Blanket Purchase Agreement typical Service Activities road Maintenance Service Types Of Work Will Consist Of Routine Work Necessary To Maintain The National Forest Road System In A Functioning Condition, Providing Safe Public Access And Protecting The Transportation Facility Investment And Adjacent Environmental Resources. work Is Generally Confined To Within The Limits Of The Existing Traveled Way And Adjacent Ditches, Shoulders And Cut/fill Slopes. Work May Also Take Place Under Or Adjacent To The Traveled Way For Resource Protection, Road Stabilization, Or To Maintain Traffic Flow. potential Performance Activities: Sign Maintenance; Work Area Management (traffic Control); Bridge Maintenance; Surface Maintenance (blading, Compaction, Watering); Drainage Maintenance (slide & Slough Removal, Ditch Cleaning, Culvert Inlet/outlet Cleaning, Cross-drain Installation And Maintenance, Ditch And Catch Basin Buttressing), Shoulder Maintenance, Fill Slope Armoring, Hazard Removal (danger Tree Falling, Rock Fall And Debris Removal, Etc.); Vegetation Management (seeding, Brushing Requirements); Bridge, Guardrail, And Cattle Guard Maintenance; Road Closure Device Maintenance Or Construction, Rock Crushing And Stockpiling; Placement Of Spot Rock; Dust Abatement; Minor Flood Repair And Water Diversion, And Road Demolition. Burned Area Emergency Response (baer), Fire Suppression Rehabilitation, And Stream Restoration. Other Complex Systems May Be Within The Scope To Support Road Maintenance And Restoration Activities. Log Out And Mobilization Costs Are Incidental To Ordered Work Unless Otherwise Specified In The Call Order. This Also Includes Trailheads, Campgrounds, And Other Facility Related Roadwork. typical Construction Activities road Construction Types Of Work Will Consist Of All Construction Activities Normally Associated With New Road Construction Or Reconstruction, But Will Be Limited In Scale, Size, And Complexity. work Is Generally Confined To Within The Limits Of The Existing Traveled Way And Adjacent Ditches, Shoulders And Cut/fill Slopes, Or Under The Road Prism For Stream Crossing Improvements Or Road Stabilization. possible Performance Activities: Surveying/staking Of Work Activities, Signing (traffic Control And New Sign Installation); Clearing; Earthwork And Realignment; Drainage (surface, Subsurface, Drain Dips, Corrugated Metal Pipe, Under Drains, Etc.); Aquatic Passage Work Activities (small Bridges Or Prefabricated Structures, Etc.); Aggregate Placement (base, Surface, Pit-run, Riprap, Etc.); Erosion Control (some Erosion Control Such As Seeding May Be A Service Work Activity; Shoulder, Cut And Fill Slope Reconstruction; Asphalt Placement, Asphalt Restoration (grinding, Overlays, Pothole Patching, Skin Patching, Crack Sealing, Chip Sealing (some Activities May Be Service Work Activity For Supply/install), Etc.); Cut/fill Slope Stabilization; Aquatic Passage Construction; Cattle Guard Installation; Installing Closure Devices (gates, Earthen Barriers, Guardrails, Etc.); Fence And Gate Construction. Burned Area Emergency Response (baer), Fire Suppression Rehabilitation, Stream Restoration, And Specialty Projects May Also Be Included, Such As Recreation Facility Enhancements (campground Road/trail Work, Toilet Installation, Parking Lot And Boat Launch Repairs, Etc.). Other Complex Systems May Be Within The Scope To Support Road Maintenance And Restoration Activities. Emergency Road Repairs May Require Snowplowing For Access, But In General, Snowplowing Is Not Part Of This Contract. Log Out And Mobilization Costs Are Incidental To Ordered Work Unless Otherwise Specified In The Call Order. This Also Includes Trailheads, Campgrounds, And Other Facility Related Roadwork. project Location: Projects Shall Covers The State Of Arizona Including The Following Forests; Apache-sitgreaves, Coconino, Coronado, Kaibab, Prescott, And Tonto. The Terrain Varies And Can Have Moderate Hills On Some Areas And Steep Grades In Others. Soil Conditions Vary As Well, From Soft And Sandy To Compacted And Rocky. A General Vicinity Map Will Be Included With All Call Orders. Maps Will Also Be Available To Assist In Locating The Individual Roads And Are Available For Purchase.  contractors Shall Furnish All Labor, Supervision, Equipment, Materials, Transportation, Supplies (unless Specified Elsewhere As Government-furnished), And Incidentals Required To Accomplish Specified Work In Compliance With The Terms, Specifications, And Provisions Of The Contract. Work Is Estimated To Begin Around January 15, 2023. Engineering Point Of Contact Is Armando De La Cruz, Telephone: (505) 842-3859. Naics 237310 With Size Standard $39.5 Mil. This Project Is Set Aside 100% For Small Business.

Description: Lithuania-vilnius: Construction Work For Engineering Works Except Bridges, Tunnels, Shafts And Subways

Description: Construction Works For Water Supply And Sewerage Project For The Towns Of Moi’s Bridge And Matunda Towns Phase 1

Purchaser Name: Institute of Road and Bridge Research | The reporting of the Umowy Usługi Usługi Naprawy Specjalistyczny Sprzętu Badawskiego Fwd.

Description: Lithuania-vilnius: Construction Work For Engineering Works Except Bridges, Tunnels, Shafts And Subways